The Role of Parents and Family Networks in Adolescent Health-Seeking in Ethiopia

Objective: This study examines the roles of parents, extended kin, and exchange networks in adolescent health-seeking behavior in Ethiopia.

Background: Prior studies highlight the role of mothers in children's health, whereas fathers, extended kin and other network partners remain largely unexamined. The gender intensification hypothesis suggests that adolescents gravitate toward same gender parents for advice and assistance with health-related issues. A more expansive view of the hypothesis suggests that other same gender adults may also be important sources of support.

Method: Survey data were used from a random sample of 2,084 youth ages 13-17 collected in urban and rural communities in southwestern Ethiopia. Sources of advice, treatment, and accompaniment to get treatment were examined. Random intercept logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with receipt of formal health care.

Results: Fathers and mothers played an important role in all phases of adolescent health-seeking behavior. Fathers' involvement was especially common in rural areas and more so with boys than girls. Extended kin and exchange networks also played a role and were even more important for boys in female-headed households, suggesting they may have substituted for absent fathers.

Conclusion: Adolescents rely heavily on parents and other adults for health advice and treatment. Who children go to for assistance is highly gendered, especially in rural areas.

Implications: Studies of adolescent health-seeking and interventions designed to improve health services utilization need to recognize the important involvement of parents and other closely related adults in advising youth and accompanying them to get treatment.