Preparation of Poly (dl-Lactide-co-Glycolide) Nanoparticles Encapsulated with Periglaucine A and Betulinic Acid for In Vitro Anti- Acanthamoeba and Cytotoxicity Activities

Tooba Mahboob; Muhammad Nawaz; Tan Tian-Chye; Chandramathi Samudi; Christophe Wiart; Veeranoot Nissapatorn

doi:10.3390/pathogens7030062

Preparation of Poly (dl-Lactide-co-Glycolide) Nanoparticles Encapsulated with Periglaucine A and Betulinic Acid for In Vitro Anti- Acanthamoeba and Cytotoxicity Activities

Pathogens. 2018 Jul 16;7(3):62. doi: 10.3390/pathogens7030062.

Authors

Tooba Mahboob^{1

2}, Muhammad Nawaz³, Tan Tian-Chye⁴, Chandramathi Samudi⁵, Christophe Wiart⁶, Veeranoot Nissapatorn^{7

8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. tooba666@hotmail.com.
² Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. tooba666@hotmail.com.
³ Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia. mnnmuhammad@iau.edu.sa.
⁴ Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. tantianchye@um.edu.my.
⁵ Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. chandramathi@um.edu.my.
⁶ School of Pharmacy, Nottingham University Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur 43500, Malaysia. christophe.wiart@nottingham.edu.my.
⁷ Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. nissapat@gmail.com.
⁸ School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand. nissapat@gmail.com.
⁹ Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand. nissapat@gmail.com.

Abstract

Poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres were synthesized as delivery system for the natural anti-parasitic compounds, Periglaucine A (PGA) and Betulinic acid (BA). Periglaucine A and Betulinic acid were encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles by single emulsion method with an average particle size of approximately 100⁻500 nm. Periglaucine A and Betulinic acid encapsulation efficiency was observed to be 90% and 35% respectively. Anti-Acanthamoeba property of Periglaucine A and Betulinic acid remained intact after encapsulation. PGA-PLGA and BA-PLGA nanoparticles demonstrated inhibition in viability of Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites by 74.9%, 59.9%, 49.9% and 71.2%, 52.2%, 88% respectively at concentration of 100 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity of PGA-PLGA and BA-PLGA nanoparticles has been evaluated against lung epithelial cell line and showed dose dependent cytotoxicity value of IC₅₀ 2 µg/mL and 20 µg/mL respectively. Futher, increased viability was observed in lung epithelial cell line in higher doses of synthesized polymeric nanoparticles. Results indicate that poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles could be exploratory delivery systems for natural products to improve their therapeutic efficacy.

Keywords: PLGA-nanoparticles; anti-Acanthamoeba; betulinic acid; cytotoxicity; periglaucine A.