Control of electron temperature and space potential gradients by superposition of thermionic electrons on electron cyclotron resonance plasmas

Rev Sci Instrum. 2010 May;81(5):053506. doi: 10.1063/1.3433553.

Abstract

An electron temperature gradient (ETG) is formed perpendicular to the magnetic field lines by superimposing low-temperature thermionic electrons emitted from a tungsten hot plate upon high-temperature electrons of an electron cyclotron resonance plasma, which pass through two different-shaped mesh grids. The radial profile of the plasma space potential can be controlled independent of the ETG by changing the bias voltages of the hot plate.