The Effect of a Scanning Strategy on the Residual Stress of 316L Steel Parts Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting (SLM)

Di Wang; Shibiao Wu; Yongqiang Yang; Wenhao Dou; Shishi Deng; Zhi Wang; Sheng Li

doi:10.3390/ma11101821

The Effect of a Scanning Strategy on the Residual Stress of 316L Steel Parts Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting (SLM)

Materials (Basel). 2018 Sep 25;11(10):1821. doi: 10.3390/ma11101821.

Authors

Di Wang^{1

2}, Shibiao Wu³, Yongqiang Yang⁴, Wenhao Dou⁵, Shishi Deng⁶, Zhi Wang⁷, Sheng Li⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mechatronics Engineering, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. mewdlaser@scut.edu.cn.
² School of Metallurgy and Materials, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK. mewdlaser@scut.edu.cn.
³ Department of Mechatronics Engineering, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. siberghost@126.com.
⁴ Department of Mechatronics Engineering, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. meyqyang@scut.edu.cn.
⁵ Department of Mechatronics Engineering, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. dwh68@outlook.com.
⁶ Department of Mechatronics Engineering, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. shishidengscut@163.com.
⁷ Department of Mechatronics Engineering, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. wangzhi@scut.edu.cn.
⁸ School of Metallurgy and Materials, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK. s.li.2@bham.ac.uk.

Abstract

The laser scanning strategy has an important influence on the surface quality, residual stress, and deformation of the molten metal (deformation behavior). A divisional scanning strategy is an effective means used to reduce the internal stress of the selective laser melting (SLM) metal part. In order to understand and optimize the divisional scanning strategy, three divisional scanning strategies and an S-shaped orthogonal scanning strategy are used to produce 316L steel parts in this study. The influence of scanning strategy on the produced parts is verified from the aspects of densification, residual stress distribution and deformation. Experiments show that the 316L steel alloy parts adopted spiral divisional scanning strategy can not only obtain the densification of 99.37%, but they also effectively improve the distribution of residual stress and control the deformation degree of the produced parts. Among them, the spiral divisional scanning sample has the smallest residual stress in plane direction, and its σ_x and σ_y stress are controlled within 204 MPa and 103 MPa. The above results show that the spiral divisional scanning is the most conducive strategy to obtain higher residual stress performance of SLM 316L steel parts.

Keywords: deformation; divisional scanning; residual stress; selective laser melting.

Abstract

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