Organic Molecule Assisted Growth of Perovskite Films Consisting of Square Grains by Surface-Confined Process

Organic-inorganic perovskite single crystals are promising in the field of optoelectronics due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. However, the ion transport of perovskite precursor is poor in confined spaces, which results in difficulty in the preparation of perovskite single-crystal films. Herein, MAPbBr₃ films consisting of square grains were fabricated by the surface-confined process using the organic molecule PEAI (phenethylammonium iodide). Under the effect of oversaturation gradient, PEA⁺ is combined with the surface of perovskite grain from top to side, which constrains the lateral growth of grains and induces a downward growth of perovskite, leading to the formation of square grains. With the improvement of concentration PEAI, the perovskite film exhibits a decreased side length of grains (from 0.98 to 12.96 μm) and increased grain number and coverage, as well as crystallinity. The perovskite single crystalline grain films with PEAI showed double photoluminescence (PL) emission peaks due to the existence of iodine-rich perovskite. This work may provide a practical way to fabricate high-quality perovskite films for perovskite photoelectronic devices.