Multi-Objective Optimization of Friction Stir Welding Process Parameters of AA6061-T6 and AA7075-T6 Using a Biogeography Based Optimization Algorithm

Mehran Tamjidy; B T Hang Tuah Baharudin; Shahla Paslar; Khamirul Amin Matori; Shamsuddin Sulaiman; Firouz Fadaeifard

doi:10.3390/ma10050533

Multi-Objective Optimization of Friction Stir Welding Process Parameters of AA6061-T6 and AA7075-T6 Using a Biogeography Based Optimization Algorithm

Materials (Basel). 2017 May 15;10(5):533. doi: 10.3390/ma10050533.

Authors

Mehran Tamjidy¹, B T Hang Tuah Baharudin^{2

3}, Shahla Paslar⁴, Khamirul Amin Matori^{5

6}, Shamsuddin Sulaiman⁷, Firouz Fadaeifard⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. mehrantamjidy@gmail.com.
² Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. hangtuah@upm.edu.my.
³ Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. hangtuah@upm.edu.my.
⁴ Department of Industrial Engineering, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, 79158 Bandar Abbas, Iran. shahlapaslar@gmail.com.
⁵ Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. khamirul@upm.edu.my.
⁶ Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia. khamirul@upm.edu.my.
⁷ Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. shamsuddin@upm.edu.my.
⁸ Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia. f.fadaeifard@yahoo.com.

Abstract

The development of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has provided an alternative approach for producing high-quality welds, in a fast and reliable manner. This study focuses on the mechanical properties of the dissimilar friction stir welding of AA6061-T6 and AA7075-T6 aluminum alloys. The FSW process parameters such as tool rotational speed, tool traverse speed, tilt angle, and tool offset influence the mechanical properties of the friction stir welded joints significantly. A mathematical regression model is developed to determine the empirical relationship between the FSW process parameters and mechanical properties, and the results are validated. In order to obtain the optimal values of process parameters that simultaneously optimize the ultimate tensile strength, elongation, and minimum hardness in the heat affected zone (HAZ), a metaheuristic, multi objective algorithm based on biogeography based optimization is proposed. The Pareto optimal frontiers for triple and dual objective functions are obtained and the best optimal solution is selected through using two different decision making techniques, technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and Shannon's entropy.

Keywords: decision making technique; friction stir welding (FSW); mathematical regression model; multi-objective biogeography based optimization (MOBBO).