Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Electrochemical Sensing Platform Using Ferrocene-Labelled Peptide Nucleic Acid for the Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Sep 7;12(9):736. doi: 10.3390/bios12090736.

Abstract

Diagnostic biomarkers based on epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation are promising tools for early cancer diagnosis. However, there are significant difficulties in directly and specifically detecting methylated DNA regions. Here, we report an electrochemical sensing system based on magnetic nanoparticles that enable a quantitative and selective analysis of the methylated septin9 (mSEPT9) gene, which is considered a diagnostic marker in early stage colorectal cancer (CRC). Methylation levels of SEPT9 in CRC samples were successfully followed by the selective recognition ability of a related peptide nucleic acid (PNA) after hybridization with DNA fragments in human patients' serums and plasma (n = 10). Moreover, this system was also adapted into a point-of-care (POC) device for a one-step detection platform. The detection of mSEPT9 demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.37% and interference-free measurement in the presence of branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) and SRY box transcription factor 21 antisense divergent transcript 1 (SOX21-AS1). The currently proposed functional platform has substantial prospects in translational applications of early CRC detection.

Keywords: biosensor; blood biomarkers; colorectal cancer (CRC); magnetic nanoparticles; point-of-care diagnostic (POC).

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acids, Branched-Chain
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • DNA
  • Early Detection of Cancer
  • Ferrous Compounds
  • Humans
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles*
  • Metallocenes
  • Peptide Nucleic Acids*
  • Septins / genetics
  • Septins / metabolism
  • Transaminases / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism

Substances

  • Amino Acids, Branched-Chain
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Ferrous Compounds
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles
  • Metallocenes
  • Peptide Nucleic Acids
  • Transcription Factors
  • DNA
  • BCAT1 protein, human
  • Transaminases
  • Septins
  • ferrocene