Spherical nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) from oil palm empty fruit bunch pulp via ultrasound assisted hydrolysis

Z A Zianor Azrina; M Dalour H Beg; M Y Rosli; Ridzuan Ramli; Norhafzan Junadi; A K M Moshiul Alam

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.035

Spherical nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) from oil palm empty fruit bunch pulp via ultrasound assisted hydrolysis

Carbohydr Polym. 2017 Apr 15:162:115-120. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.035. Epub 2017 Jan 11.

Authors

Z A Zianor Azrina¹, M Dalour H Beg², M Y Rosli³, Ridzuan Ramli⁴, Norhafzan Junadi⁵, A K M Moshiul Alam⁶

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Electronic address: zianorazrina@gmail.com.
² Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Electronic address: dhbeg@yahoo.com.
³ Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Electronic address: rmy@ump.edu.my.
⁴ Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: ridzco@gmail.com.
⁵ Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Electronic address: half_zan88@yahoo.com.
⁶ Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Electronic address: akmmalam@gmail.com.

PMID: 28224888
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.035

Abstract

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch pulp (EFBP) using ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis. The obtained NCC was analysed using FESEM, XRD, FTIR, and TGA, and compared with raw empty fruit bunch fibre (REFB), empty fruit bunch pulp (EFBP), and treated empty fruit bunch pulp (TEFBP). Based on FESEM analysis, it was found that NCC has a spherical shaped after acid hydrolysis with the assistance of ultrasound. This situation was different compared to previous studies that obtained rod-like shaped of NCC. Furthermore, the crystallinity of NCC is higher compared to REFB and EFBP. According to thermal stability, the NCC obtained shows remarkable sign of high thermal stability compared to REFB and EFBP.

Keywords: Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC); raw empty fruit bunch fibre (REFB); ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis.

MeSH terms

Arecaceae / chemistry*
Cellulose / chemistry*
Fruit / chemistry*
Hydrolysis

Substances

Cellulose