One-Dimensional Porous Silicon Nanowires with Large Surface Area for Fast Charge⁻Discharge Lithium-Ion Batteries

Xu Chen; Qinsong Bi; Muhammad Sajjad; Xu Wang; Yang Ren; Xiaowei Zhou; Wen Xu; Zhu Liu

doi:10.3390/nano8050285

One-Dimensional Porous Silicon Nanowires with Large Surface Area for Fast Charge⁻Discharge Lithium-Ion Batteries

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2018 Apr 27;8(5):285. doi: 10.3390/nano8050285.

Authors

Xu Chen¹, Qinsong Bi², Muhammad Sajjad³, Xu Wang⁴, Yang Ren⁵, Xiaowei Zhou⁶, Wen Xu⁷, Zhu Liu^{8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China. chenxu@ynu.edu.cn.
² Department of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China. ggmbqs1011@gmail.com.
³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China. sajjadfisica@gmail.com.
⁴ Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA. xwang65@uh.edu.
⁵ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China. reny@lzu.edu.cn.
⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China. zhouxiaowei@ynu.edu.cn.
⁷ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China. wenxu_issp@aliyun.com.
⁸ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China. zhuliu@ynu.edu.cn.
⁹ Micro and Nano-materials and Technology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China. zhuliu@ynu.edu.cn.

Abstract

In this study, one-dimensional porous silicon nanowire (1D⁻PSiNW) arrays were fabricated by one-step metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) to etch phosphorus-doped silicon wafers. The as-prepared mesoporous 1D⁻PSiNW arrays here had especially high specific surface areas of 323.47 m²·g^-1 and were applied as anodes to achieve fast charge⁻discharge performance for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The 1D⁻PSiNWs anodes with feature size of ~7 nm exhibited reversible specific capacity of 2061.1 mAh·g^-1 after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 1.5 A·g^-1. Moreover, under the ultrafast charge⁻discharge current rate of 16.0 A·g^-1, the 1D⁻PSiNWs anodes still maintained 586.7 mAh·g^-1 capacity even after 5000 cycles. This nanoporous 1D⁻PSiNW with high surface area is a potential anode candidate for the ultrafast charge⁻discharge in LIBs with high specific capacity and superior cycling performance.

Keywords: high surface areas; long-cycling life; mesoporous structure; ultrafast.