Fire Analysis of Timber-Framed Walls Lined with Gypsum

This investigation analyses the influence of the depth and the distance between studs on the fire resistance of lightweight timber-framed (LTF) walls lined with gypsum plasterboards. The simplified model used to determine the fire resistance in Eurocode EN 1995-1-2 provides very conservative values, as few parameters are considered. The new generation of Eurocode EN 1995-1-2 includes an upgrade of the simplified model, allowing us to predict the fire resistance of LTF wall assemblies more accurately. This separating function method considers the number, the thickness and the material of the protection layers, but does not explicitly consider the variation of the depth and the distance between the studs for the calculation of the insulation time of the assembly, besides including some limitations for both parameters. To demonstrate the influence of these parameters, 36 numerical simulations were carried out using the finite element method previously validated with experimental tests. The results obtained from the parametric analyses confirmed that such parameters affect the fire resistance of the LTF wall assemblies in a significant way. In addition, the results revealed an important contribution in the study of LTF wall assemblies against fire resistance, demonstrating the need for including extra geometric parameters in the simplified model in order to increase the accuracy of current models.