The possible role of the surface active substances (SAS) in the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Environ Res. 2021 Jul:198:111215. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111215. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Abstract

Surface active substances (SAS) have the potential to form films at different interfaces, consequently influencing the interfacial properties of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). They can be derived from both human activities and natural processes and can be found in an indoor and outdoor environment. This paper's fundamental question is the possible role of the SAS in stabilizing respiratory aerosols in the closed space. In that context, we discuss results of preliminary measurements of the SAS and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the water-soluble fractions of PM2.5 and PM10 that were sampled simultaneously in primary school inside and outside of the building. The concentrations of SAS were determined using highly sensitive electrochemical measurements. It was observed that SAS and DOC concentrations have been enhanced indoor in both PM fractions. Consistent with these results, a discussion arises on the possibility that SAS could play a crucial role in respiratory droplet dispersion as stabilizers, especially in a closed space. At the same time, we assume that they could prolong the lifetime of respiratory aerosols and as well viability of some (possible SARS-CoV-2) virus inside of the droplets.

Keywords: AC voltammetry; Atmospheric surfactants; Bioaerosols; Indoor atmosphere; Particulate matter (PM(2.5,) PM(10)); SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aerosols
  • Air Pollutants* / analysis
  • Air Pollution, Indoor* / analysis
  • COVID-19*
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Humans
  • Particle Size
  • Particulate Matter / analysis
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Schools

Substances

  • Aerosols
  • Air Pollutants
  • Particulate Matter