Facial expression analysis in a wild sporting environment

Multimed Tools Appl. 2023;82(8):11395-11415. doi: 10.1007/s11042-022-13654-w. Epub 2022 Sep 15.

Abstract

The scientific community and mass media have already reported the use of nonverbal behavior analysis in sports for athletes' performance. Their conclusions stated that certain emotional expressions are linked to athlete's performance, or even that psychological strategies serve to improve endurance performance. This paper examines the portrayal of well-known emotions and their relationship to the participants of an ultra-distance race in a high-stake environment. For this purpose, we analyzed almost 600 runners captured when they passed through a set of locations placed along the race track. We have observed a correlation between the runners' facial expressions and their performance along the track. Moreover, we have analyzed Action Unit activations and aligned our findings with the state-of-the-art psychological baseline.

Keywords: Expression recognition; In the wild; Soft biometrics.