Abstract
Type II DNA topoisomerases (EC 5.99.1.3) are enzymes that catalyse topological changes in DNA in an ATP dependent manner. Strand passage reactions involve passing one double stranded DNA duplex (transported helix) through a transient enzyme-bridged break in another (gated helix). This activity is required for a range of cellular processes including transcription. Vertebrates have two isoforms: topoisomerase IIα and β. Topoisomerase IIβ was first reported in 1987. Here we review the research on DNA topoisomerase IIβ over the 30 years since its discovery.
Keywords:
Cell cycle; TOP2; Topoisomerase II; cell biology; review; transcription.
Publication types
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Historical Article
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Cell Cycle / genetics
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Cloning, Molecular
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DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / chemistry
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DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / genetics*
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DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / metabolism*
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DNA, Complementary / chemistry
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DNA, Complementary / genetics
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Gene Expression
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Gene Expression Regulation
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History, 20th Century
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History, 21st Century
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Humans
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Intracellular Space / metabolism
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Isoenzymes
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Molecular Targeted Therapy
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Protein Binding
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Protein Transport
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Research* / history
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Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Transcriptional Activation
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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DNA, Complementary
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Isoenzymes
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Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
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DNA Topoisomerases, Type II