Computational replication of the abnormal secondary kinetic isotope effects in a hydride transfer reaction in solution with a motion assisted H-tunneling model

J Org Chem. 2014 Mar 7;79(5):1989-94. doi: 10.1021/jo402650a. Epub 2014 Feb 17.

Abstract

We recently reported abnormal secondary deuterium kinetic isotope effects (2° KIEs) for hydride transfer reactions from alcohols to carbocations in acetonitrile (Chem. Comm. 2012, 48, 11337). Experimental 2° KIE values were found to be inflated on the 9-C position in the xanthylium cation but deflated on the β-C position in 2-propanol with respect to the values predicted by the semi-classical transition-state theory. No primary (1°) isotope effect on 2° KIEs was observed. Herein, the KIEs were replicated by the Marcus-like H-tunneling model that requires a longer donor-acceptor distance (DAD) in a lighter isotope transfer process. The 2° KIEs for a range of potential tunneling-ready-states (TRSs) of different DADs were calculated and fitted to the experiments to find the TRS structure. The observed no effect of 1° isotope on 2° KIEs is explained in terms of the less sterically hindered TRS structure so that the change in DAD due to the change in 1° isotope does not significantly affect the reorganization of the 2° isotope and hence the 2° KIE. The effect of 1° isotope on 2° KIEs may be expected to be more pronounced and thus observable in reactions occurring in restrictive environments such as the crowded and relatively rigid active site of enzymes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetonitriles / chemistry
  • Alcohols / chemistry*
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Computers, Molecular
  • Deuterium / chemistry*
  • Isotopes / chemistry*
  • Kinetics
  • Models, Chemical
  • Solutions

Substances

  • Acetonitriles
  • Alcohols
  • Isotopes
  • Solutions
  • Deuterium
  • acetonitrile