Stimulation of lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa following H9N2 IAV infection exacerbates inflammatory responses of alveolar macrophages and decreases virus replication

Kang Shun; Sun Ying-Li; Li Zhi-Juan; Li Jian-Liang; Xiao Feng; Dong Lu-Jiao; Yuan Peng; Shijin Jiang; Xie Zhi-Jing

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106254

Stimulation of lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa following H9N2 IAV infection exacerbates inflammatory responses of alveolar macrophages and decreases virus replication

Microb Pathog. 2023 Sep:182:106254. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106254. Epub 2023 Jul 21.

Authors

Kang Shun¹, Sun Ying-Li¹, Li Zhi-Juan¹, Li Jian-Liang², Xiao Feng², Dong Lu-Jiao², Yuan Peng², Shijin Jiang², Xie Zhi-Jing³

Affiliations

¹ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
² Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
³ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China. Electronic address: xiezhijing@126.com.

PMID: 37481007
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106254

Abstract

H9N2 IAV infection contributed to P. aeruginosa coinfection, causing severe hemorrhagic pneumonia in mink. In this study, the in vitro alveolar macrophage models were developed to investigate the innate immune responses to P. aeruginosa LPS stimulation following H9N2 IAV infection, using MH-S cells. The cytokine levels, apoptosis levels and the viral nucleic acid levels were detected and analyzed. As a result, the levels of IFN-α, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in MH-S cells with P. aeruginosa LPS stimulation following H9N2 IAV infection were significantly higher than those in MH-S cells with single H9N2 IAV infection and single LPS stimulation (P < 0.05), exacerbating inflammatory responses. LPS stimulation aggravated the apoptosis of MH-S cells with H9N2 IAV infection. Interestingly, LPS stimulation influences H9N2 IAV replication and indirectly reduced H9N2 IAV replications in in vitro AMs. It implied that LPS should play an important role in the pathogenesis of H9N2 IAV and P. aeruginosa coinfection.

Keywords: Coinfection; H9N2 influenza A virus; Lipopolysaccharide; Macrophage; Pseudomonas aeruginosa.