Changes of Physical Activity and Ultra-Processed Food Consumption in Adolescents from Different Countries during Covid-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study

Nutrients. 2020 Jul 30;12(8):2289. doi: 10.3390/nu12082289.

Abstract

Aim: to describe physical activity and ultra-processed foods consumption, their changes and sociodemographic predictors among adolescents from countries in Europe (Italy and Spain) and Latin America (Brazil, Chile, and Colombia) during the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic period.

Methods: Cross-sectional study via web survey. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and weekly ultra-processed food consumption data were used. To compare the frequencies of physical activity status with sociodemographic variables, a multinomial logistic and a multiple logistic regression for habitual ultra-processed foods was performed. In final models, p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Sample of 726 adolescents, mostly females (59.6%) aged 16-19 years old (54.3%). Adolescents from Latin America presented odds ratio (OR) 2.98 (CI 95% 1.80-4.94) of being inactive and those whose mothers had higher level of education were less active during lockdown [OR 0.40 (CI 95% 0.20-0.84)]. The habitual ultra-processed consumption was also high during this period in all countries, and more prevalent in Latin America.

Conclusion: A higher prevalence of inactivity was observed in this population, but reductions of physical activity and habitual ultra-processed consumption during the pandemic were more pronounced in Latin America. Our findings reinforce the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle, i.e., exercise and diet, during periods of social isolation.

Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic; Google Forms; adolescent; e-survey; physical activity.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Betacoronavirus
  • COVID-19
  • Coronavirus Infections* / epidemiology
  • Coronavirus Infections* / virology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diet*
  • Energy Intake
  • Europe
  • Exercise*
  • Fast Foods*
  • Feeding Behavior*
  • Female
  • Healthy Lifestyle
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Nutrition Surveys
  • Obesity / etiology
  • Odds Ratio
  • Pandemics*
  • Pneumonia, Viral* / epidemiology
  • Pneumonia, Viral* / virology
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Sedentary Behavior*
  • Social Isolation
  • South America
  • Young Adult