A Double Dwell High Sensitivity GPS Acquisition Scheme Using Binarized Convolution Neural Network

Zhen Wang; Yuan Zhuang; Jun Yang; Hengfeng Zhang; Wei Dong; Min Wang; Luchi Hua; Bo Liu; Longxing Shi

doi:10.3390/s18051482

A Double Dwell High Sensitivity GPS Acquisition Scheme Using Binarized Convolution Neural Network

Sensors (Basel). 2018 May 9;18(5):1482. doi: 10.3390/s18051482.

Authors

Zhen Wang¹, Yuan Zhuang², Jun Yang³, Hengfeng Zhang⁴, Wei Dong⁵, Min Wang⁶, Luchi Hua⁷, Bo Liu⁸, Longxing Shi⁹

Affiliations

¹ National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. 230119228@seu.edu.cn.
² National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. zhy.0908@gmail.com.
³ National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. dragon@seu.edu.cn.
⁴ National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. zhhf@seu.edu.cn.
⁵ National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. dongwei_seu@seu.edu.cn.
⁶ National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. wangmin93@seu.edu.cn.
⁷ National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. hualuchi@gmail.com.
⁸ National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. liubo_cnasic@seu.edu.cn.
⁹ National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China. lxshi@seu.edu.cn.

Abstract

Conventional GPS acquisition methods, such as Max selection and threshold crossing (MAX/TC), estimate GPS code/Doppler by its correlation peak. Different from MAX/TC, a multi-layer binarized convolution neural network (BCNN) is proposed to recognize the GPS acquisition correlation envelope in this article. The proposed method is a double dwell acquisition in which a short integration is adopted in the first dwell and a long integration is applied in the second one. To reduce the search space for parameters, BCNN detects the possible envelope which contains the auto-correlation peak in the first dwell to compress the initial search space to 1/1023. Although there is a long integration in the second dwell, the acquisition computation overhead is still low due to the compressed search space. Comprehensively, the total computation overhead of the proposed method is only 1/5 of conventional ones. Experiments show that the proposed double dwell/correlation envelope identification (DD/CEI) neural network achieves 2 dB improvement when compared with the MAX/TC under the same specification.

Keywords: GPS acquisition; binarized convolution neural network; double dwell; high sensitivity.