Hoping for a Better Future during COVID-19: How Migration Plans Are Protective of Depressive Symptoms for Haitian Migrants Living in Chile

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 12;19(16):9977. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19169977.

Abstract

This paper explores the migration experiences, perceived COVID-19 impacts, and depression symptoms among Haitian migrants living in Santiago, Chile. Ninety-five participants from eight neighborhoods with a high density of Haitian migrants were recruited. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and logistic regression analysis were conducted. Chi-squared tests were used to confirm univariate results. We found that 22% of participants had major depressive symptoms based on the CESD-R-20 scale, 87% reported major life changes due to COVID-19, and 78% said their migration plans had changed due to the pandemic. Factors associated with more depressive symptoms were being in debt (OR = 3.43) and experiencing discrimination (ORs: 0.60 to 6.19). Factors associated with less odds of depressive symptoms were social support (ORs: 0.06 to 0.25), change in migration plans due to COVID-19 (OR = 0.30), and planning to leave Chile (OR = 0.20). After accounting for relevant factors, planning to leave Chile is significantly predictive of fewer symptoms of depression. Haitian migrants living in Chile had a high prevalence of depression. Planning to leave Chile was a significant protector against depressive symptoms. Future studies should explore how nuanced experiences of uncertainty play out in migrants' lives, mental well-being, and planning for their future.

Keywords: COVID-19; Chile; mental and health illness; migration; racism; social support.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Chile / epidemiology
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Depressive Disorder, Major*
  • Haiti / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Transients and Migrants*

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, Chile (ANID Fondecyt de Iniciación 11200486 PI: T.R.J.) and by ANID—MILENIO—N° NCS2021_013 (SocioMed). C.R. was funded by Universidad Autónoma de México (IA301320 DGAPA, UNAM).