Dietary Polyphenol Intake is Associated with HDL-Cholesterol and A Better Profile of other Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: A PREDIMED-Plus Sub-Study

Nutrients. 2020 Mar 4;12(3):689. doi: 10.3390/nu12030689.

Abstract

Dietary polyphenol intake is associated with improvement of metabolic disturbances. The aims of the present study are to describe dietary polyphenol intake in a population with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to examine the association between polyphenol intake and the components of MetS. This cross-sectional analysis involved 6633 men and women included in the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterranea-Plus) study. The polyphenol content of foods was estimated from the Phenol-Explorer 3.6 database. The mean of total polyphenol intake was 846 ± 318 mg/day. Except for stilbenes, women had higher polyphenol intake than men. Total polyphenol intake was higher in older participants (>70 years of age) compared to their younger counterparts. Participants with body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 reported lower total polyphenol, flavonoid, and stilbene intake than those with lower BMI. Total polyphenol intake was not associated with a better profile concerning MetS components, except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), although stilbenes, lignans, and other polyphenols showed an inverse association with blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. A direct association with HDL-c was found for all subclasses except lignans and phenolic acids. To conclude, in participants with MetS, higher intake of several polyphenol subclasses was associated with a better profile of MetS components, especially HDL-c.

Keywords: HDL-cholesterol; Mediterranean diet; glignans; metabolic syndrome; polyphenols; stilbenes.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers*
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diet, Mediterranean
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / blood
  • Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology*
  • Metabolic Syndrome / metabolism*
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Outcome Assessment
  • Polyphenols / administration & dosage*
  • Public Health Surveillance

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Polyphenols