The identification of weak vital signs has always been one of the difficulties in the field of life detection. In this paper, a novel vital sign detection and extraction method with high efficiency, high precision, high sensitivity and high signal-to-noise ratio is proposed. Based on the NVA6100 pulse radar system, the radar matrix which contains several radar pulse detection signals is received. According to the characteristics of vital signs and radar matrices, the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is adopted to perform signal denoising and decomposition after preprocessing, and the temporal and spatial eigenvectors of each principal component are obtained. Through the energy proportion screening, the Wavelet Transform decomposition and linear trend suppression, relatively pure vital signs in each principal component, are obtained. The human location is detected by the Energy Entropy of spatial eigenvectors, and the respiratory signal and heartbeat signal are restored through a Butterworth Filter and an MTI harmonic canceller. Finally, through an analysis of the performance of the algorithm, it is proved to have the properties of efficiency and accuracy.
Keywords: energy entropy; singular value decomposition (SVD); temporal and spatial eigenvectors; ultra-wideband radar (UWB); vital sign extraction; wavelet transform decomposition.