Digital image sensor-based assessment of the status of oat (Avena sativa L.) crops after frost damage

Sensors (Basel). 2011;11(6):6015-36. doi: 10.3390/s110606015. Epub 2011 Jun 3.

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to classify the land covered with oat crops, and the quantification of frost damage on oats, while plants are still in the flowering stage. The images are taken by a digital colour camera CCD-based sensor. Unsupervised classification methods are applied because the plants present different spectral signatures, depending on two main factors: illumination and the affected state. The colour space used in this application is CIELab, based on the decomposition of the colour in three channels, because it is the closest to human colour perception. The histogram of each channel is successively split into regions by thresholding. The best threshold to be applied is automatically obtained as a combination of three thresholding strategies: (a) Otsu's method, (b) Isodata algorithm, and (c) Fuzzy thresholding. The fusion of these automatic thresholding techniques and the design of the classification strategy are some of the main findings of the paper, which allows an estimation of the damages and a prediction of the oat production.

Keywords: CIELab colour space; agricultural images; automatic thresholding; digital image sensor; fuzzy error matrix; oat frost damage; unsupervised classification.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Agriculture / methods
  • Algorithms
  • Avena / physiology*
  • Cold Temperature
  • Color
  • Color Perception
  • Electronic Data Processing
  • Environmental Monitoring / methods
  • Equipment Design
  • Fuzzy Logic
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Models, Statistical
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Temperature