On-board measurements of particle and gaseous emissions from a large cargo vessel at different operating conditions

Thuy Chu-Van; Zoran Ristovski; Ali Mohammad Pourkhesalian; Thomas Rainey; Vikram Garaniya; Rouzbeh Abbassi; Sanaz Jahangiri; Hossein Enshaei; U-Shen Kam; Richard Kimball; Liping Yang; Ali Zare; Harry Bartlett; Richard J Brown

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.008

On-board measurements of particle and gaseous emissions from a large cargo vessel at different operating conditions

Environ Pollut. 2018 Jun:237:832-841. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.008. Epub 2017 Nov 13.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; Vietnam Maritime University (VMU), Haiphong, 180000, Vietnam. Electronic address: thuy.chuvan@qut.edu.au.
² Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia. Electronic address: z.ristovski@qut.edu.au.
³ Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia.
⁴ Australian Maritime College (AMC), TAS, 7250, Australia.
⁵ Maine Maritime Academy (MMA), ME, 04420, USA.
⁶ Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; Institute of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.
⁷ School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia.
⁸ Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia. Electronic address: richard.brown@qut.edu.au.

PMID: 29146200
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.008

Abstract

This study investigated particle and gaseous emission factors from a large cargo vessel for her whole voyage including at berth, manoeuvring and cruising. Quantification of these factors assists in minimising the uncertainty in the current methods of exhaust gas emission factor estimation. Engine performance and emissions from the main marine engine were measured on-board while the ship was manoeuvring and cruising at sea. Emissions of an auxiliary engine working at 55% of maximum continuous rating (MCR) were measured when the ship was at actual harbour stopovers. Gaseous and particle emission factors in this study are presented in g kWh^-1 or # kWh^-1, and compared with previous studies. Results showed that the SO₂ emission factor is higher than that of previous studies due to the high sulphur content of the fuel used. The particle number size distributions showed only one mode for different operating conditions of the ship, with a peak at around 40-50 nm, which was dominated by ultrafine particles. Emission factors of CO, HC, PM and PN observed during ship manoeuvring were much higher than that of those recorded at cruising condition. These findings highlight the importance of quantification and monitoring ship emissions in close proximity to port areas, as they can have the highest impact on population exposure.

Keywords: At-berth; Manoeuvring; Ocean-going; Particle number sized distributions; Ship emissions.

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants / analysis*
Air Pollution / statistics & numerical data*
Aircraft
Environmental Monitoring / instrumentation*
Environmental Monitoring / methods
Gases
Particle Size
Particulate Matter / analysis
Ships / statistics & numerical data*
Sulfur
Vehicle Emissions / analysis*

Substances

Air Pollutants
Gases
Particulate Matter
Vehicle Emissions
Sulfur