Aquaculture facilities promote populational stability throughout seasons and increase medusae size for the invasive jellyfish Cassiopea andromeda

Jorge Thé; Hortência de Sousa Barroso; Marta Mammone; Michael Viana; Caio Servulo Batista Melo; Miguel Mies; Thomás N S Banha; André C Morandini; Sergio Rossi; Marcelo de Oliveira Soares

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105161

Aquaculture facilities promote populational stability throughout seasons and increase medusae size for the invasive jellyfish Cassiopea andromeda

Mar Environ Res. 2020 Dec:162:105161. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105161. Epub 2020 Sep 29.

Affiliations

¹ Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil. Electronic address: jorgethe22@gmail.com.
² Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil.
³ DiSTeBA, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
⁴ Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
⁵ Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, Brazil.
⁶ Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil; DiSTeBA, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy; Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.

PMID: 33065521
DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105161

Abstract

Cassiopea jellyfish have successfully invaded several marine ecosystems worldwide. We investigated if Cassiopea andromeda grows larger (umbrella size) and if their populations are more stable in shrimp farms than in mangroves in the Brazilian coast. Our results show that jellyfish abundance is higher in the shrimp farm during the rainy season and in the mangrove during dry season. The population is stable during both seasons in the shrimp farm, but unstable in the mangroves, as jellyfish are absent during rainy season. Shrimp farm-associated jellyfish are three times larger than those in the mangroves, regardless of season. We recorded the largest (49.2 cm of umbrella diameter) ever C. andromeda individual in the shrimp farm. Unlike the mangroves, the shrimp farm provides environmental intra-annual stability that promotes jellyfish growth and population persistence. Therefore, C. andromeda populations can be seasonally dynamic and artificial environments such as aquaculture facilities may facilitate the invasion process.

Keywords: Estuary; Mangrove; Nutrients; Scyphozoa; Shrimp farm; Size distribution.

MeSH terms

Animals
Aquaculture*
Brazil
Ecosystem*
Scyphozoa
Seasons