A breast cancer is the most common neoplasm among women. It occurs in nearly 40 out of 100000 cases. A number of breast cancer cases have doubled for 30 years in Poland. According to long-term statistical data, it can be assumed that that number will be increasing. Approximately 7% of women are cured owing to preventive care in western countries. The diagnose at the early stage gives a chance to treat it effectively. Therefore, it is essential to increase the public awareness about the danger of the cancer and possible ways of its early detection. It should be an important task of doctors, midwives and nurses, especially young doctors to be thoroughly prepared in the field of risk factors, preventive care and early detection of breast cancer.