Clinical and Sonographic Evaluation of Postmenopausal Bleeding (PMB) Followed by Diagnostic and/or Therapeutic Hysteroscopy and Guided Biopsy in Jordanian Hospitals

Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 Mar 25;56(4):147. doi: 10.3390/medicina56040147.

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical sonographic evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) followed by diagnostic and/or therapeutic hysteroscopy and guided biopsy in Jordanian hospitals. Materials and Methods: A retrospective multi-centric study was performed in hospitals in Al-Karak and Amman from 2014-2016. The study recruited 189 cases to evaluate the aetiology of postmenopausal bleeding. Atrophic endometrium was observed as a major cause of postmenopausal bleeding according to histopathology. The cases were also distributed according to parity in which nulliparous patients were observed. Results: Hysteroscopy was observed to be effective for the diagnosis of postmenopausal bleeding. Conclusion: There is a need to assess more approaches for the diagnosis of postmenopausal bleeding among women.

Keywords: bleeding; postmenopausal; sonographic evaluation; women.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Female
  • Hospitals / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Hysteroscopy / instrumentation*
  • Hysteroscopy / methods
  • Image-Guided Biopsy / methods*
  • Jordan
  • Middle Aged
  • Postmenopause / physiology*
  • Pregnancy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ultrasonography / methods
  • Ultrasonography / trends
  • Uterine Hemorrhage / diagnosis
  • Uterine Hemorrhage / physiopathology