Spherical Activated Carbons with High Mechanical Strength Directly Prepared from Selected Spherical Seeds

Ana Amorós-Pérez; Laura Cano-Casanova; Mohammed Ouzzine; Mónica Rufete-Beneite; Aroldo José Romero-Anaya; María Ángeles Lillo-Ródenas; Ángel Linares-Solano

doi:10.3390/ma11050770

Spherical Activated Carbons with High Mechanical Strength Directly Prepared from Selected Spherical Seeds

Materials (Basel). 2018 May 10;11(5):770. doi: 10.3390/ma11050770.

Authors

Ana Amorós-Pérez¹, Laura Cano-Casanova², Mohammed Ouzzine³, Mónica Rufete-Beneite⁴, Aroldo José Romero-Anaya⁵, María Ángeles Lillo-Ródenas⁶, Ángel Linares-Solano⁷

Affiliations

¹ MCMA Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Institute, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. ana.amoros@ua.es.
² MCMA Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Institute, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. laura.cano@ua.es.
³ MCMA Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Institute, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. ouzzine_mohamed@yahoo.fr.
⁴ MCMA Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Institute, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. monica.rufete@ua.es.
⁵ MCMA Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Institute, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. ajromero@ua.es.
⁶ MCMA Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Institute, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. mlillo@ua.es.
⁷ MCMA Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Institute, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. linares@ua.es.

Abstract

In the present manuscript, the preparation of spherical activated carbons (SACs) with suitable adsorption properties and high mechanical strength is reported, taking advantage of the retention of the spherical shape by the raw precursors. An easy procedure (carbonization followed by CO₂ activation) has been applied over a selection of three natural seeds, with a well-defined spherical shape and thermal stability: Rhamnus alaternus (RA), Osyris lanceolate (OL), and Canna indica (CI). After the carbonization-activation procedures, RA and CI, maintained their original spherical shapes and integrity, although a reduction in diameter around 48% and 25%, respectively, was observed. The porosity of the resulting SACs could be tuned as function of the activation temperature and time, leading to a spherical activated carbon with surface area up to 1600 m²/g and mechanical strength similar to those of commercial activated carbons.

Keywords: activation; mechanical properties; microporosity; spherical activated carbons; spherical seeds.