Microbiome in Multiple Sclerosis; Where Are We, What We Know and Do Not Know

Marina Kleopatra Boziki; Evangelia Kesidou; Paschalis Theotokis; Alexios-Fotios A Mentis; Eleni Karafoulidou; Mikhail Melnikov; Anastasia Sviridova; Vladimir Rogovski; Alexey Boyko; Nikolaos Grigoriadis

doi:10.3390/brainsci10040234

Microbiome in Multiple Sclerosis; Where Are We, What We Know and Do Not Know

Brain Sci. 2020 Apr 14;10(4):234. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10040234.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ 2nd Neurological University Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA General Hospital, 54634 Thessaloniki, Greece.
² Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 11521, Greece.
³ Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece.
⁴ Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia.
⁵ Department of Neuroimmunology, Federal Center of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Moscow 117342, Russia.
⁶ Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia.

Abstract

An increase of multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence has been reported during the last decade, and this may be connected to environmental factors. This review article aims to encapsulate the current advances targeting the study of the gut-brain axis, which mediates the communication between the central nervous system and the gut microbiome. Clinical data arising from many research studies, which have assessed the effects of administered disease-modifying treatments in MS patients to the gut microbiome, are also recapitulated.

Keywords: disease-modifying treatments; gut microbiome; gut–brain axis; metagenomics; multiple sclerosis.

Publication types

Review