Silica-Based and Borate-Based, Titania-Containing Bioactive Coatings Characterization: Critical Strain Energy Release Rate, Residual Stresses, Hardness, and Thermal Expansion

Omar Rodriguez; Ali Matinmanesh; Sunjeev Phull; Emil H Schemitsch; Paul Zalzal; Owen M Clarkin; Marcello Papini; Mark R Towler

doi:10.3390/jfb7040032

Silica-Based and Borate-Based, Titania-Containing Bioactive Coatings Characterization: Critical Strain Energy Release Rate, Residual Stresses, Hardness, and Thermal Expansion

J Funct Biomater. 2016 Dec 1;7(4):32. doi: 10.3390/jfb7040032.

Authors

Omar Rodriguez^{1

2}, Ali Matinmanesh^{3

4}, Sunjeev Phull⁵, Emil H Schemitsch^{6

7}, Paul Zalzal^{8

9}, Owen M Clarkin¹⁰, Marcello Papini¹¹, Mark R Towler^{12

13

14}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. omaralejandro.rodrig@ryerson.ca.
² St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. omaralejandro.rodrig@ryerson.ca.
³ Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. amatinma@ryerson.ca.
⁴ St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. amatinma@ryerson.ca.
⁵ Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. sunjeev.phull@ryerson.ca.
⁶ St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. SchemitschE@smh.ca.
⁷ Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada. SchemitschE@smh.ca.
⁸ Oakville Trafalgar Memorial Hospital, Oakville, ON L6J 3L7, Canada. paulzalzal@gmail.com.
⁹ Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. paulzalzal@gmail.com.
¹⁰ School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 W6Y4, Ireland. owen.clarkin@dcu.ie.
¹¹ Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. mpapini@ryerson.ca.
¹² Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. mtowler@ryerson.ca.
¹³ St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. mtowler@ryerson.ca.
¹⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. mtowler@ryerson.ca.

Abstract

Silica-based and borate-based glass series, with increasing amounts of TiO₂ incorporated, are characterized in terms of their mechanical properties relevant to their use as metallic coating materials. It is observed that borate-based glasses exhibit CTE (Coefficient of Thermal Expansion) closer to the substrate's (Ti6Al4V) CTE, translating into higher mode I critical strain energy release rates of glasses and compressive residual stresses and strains at the coating/substrate interface, outperforming the silica-based glasses counterparts. An increase in the content of TiO₂ in the glasses results in an increase in the mode I critical strain energy release rate for both the bulk glass and for the coating/substrate system, proving that the addition of TiO₂ to the glass structure enhances its toughness, while decreasing its bulk hardness. Borate-based glass BRT3, with 15 mol % TiO₂ incorporated, exhibits superior properties overall compared to the other proposed glasses in this work, as well as 45S5 Bioglass^® and Pyrex.

Keywords: borate-based glass; coefficient of thermal expansion; enameling; indentation.