The Myxobacterial Metabolite Soraphen A Inhibits HIV-1 by Reducing Virus Production and Altering Virion Composition

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Jul 25;61(8):e00739-17. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00739-17. Print 2017 Aug.

Abstract

Soraphen A is a myxobacterial metabolite that blocks the acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase of the host and was previously identified as a novel HIV inhibitor. Here, we report that soraphen A acts by reducing virus production and altering the gp120 virion content, impacting entry capacity and infectivity. These effects are partially reversed by addition of palmitic acid, suggesting that inhibition of HIV envelope palmitoylation is one of the mechanisms of antiviral action.

Keywords: HIV; broad-spectrum antiviral; fatty acid synthesis; host factor; human immunodeficiency virus; soraphen A.

MeSH terms

  • Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Anti-HIV Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / metabolism
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Hydroxamic Acids / pharmacology
  • Lipoylation / drug effects
  • Macrolides / pharmacology*
  • Myxococcales / metabolism
  • Palmitic Acid / metabolism
  • Palmitic Acid / pharmacology
  • Virus Internalization / drug effects*
  • Virus Replication / drug effects*
  • Vorinostat

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120
  • Hydroxamic Acids
  • Macrolides
  • soraphen A
  • Palmitic Acid
  • Vorinostat
  • Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase