Background/aims: We examined the effectiveness of escalating the dose of interferon-alpha-2b in subjects with chronic hepatitis C who did not respond to usual treatment with 3,000,000 units 3 times a week.
Methodology: Treatment was started with 3,000,000 units of interferon-alpha-2b 3 times a week. If serum alanine aminotransferase activity was not normal at 12 weeks, the dose was increased to 3,000,000 units daily. If serum alanine aminotransferase activity was not normal after 12 weeks, the dose was increased to 5,000,000 units daily.
Results: Fifty-one subjects started treatment. Twenty-nine subjects had their dose increased to 3,000,000 units daily and only 1 responded (3%, 95% confidence interval 0-10.9%) while 41% (95% confidence interval 21.4-60.6%) had to discontinue treatment at this dose because of adverse events or intolerance. Of 14 subjects who had their dose increased to 5,000,000 units daily, none (95% confidence interval 0-3.6%) responded, while 43% (95% confidence interval 13.5-72.5%) had to discontinue treatment.
Conclusions: Escalating doses of interferon-alpha-2b are not effective and are associated with increased toxicity and intolerance in patients with chronic hepatitis who do not respond to initial treatment with 3,000,000 units 2 times a week.