This randomized, patient-masked, crossover trial compared the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen and diclofenac in 16 patients following excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive one study medication after surgery on the first eye and the other medication after surgery on the second eye (approximately 30 days later). After both surgeries, patients instilled one drop of the assigned medication six times daily for the first 3 days postsurgery and one drop four times daily on postsurgery days 4 through 7. Patients assessed the intensity of postsurgical pain beginning at postsurgery hour 5 and pain relief beginning at postsurgery hour 8 and continued to do so daily thereafter. On the last day (day 7), patients rated the global efficacy of the analgesic treatment. All assessments were performed by patients using descriptor and visual ordinal scales and were recorded in diaries. Patients were queried as to the presence, severity, and duration of any adverse events. Flurbiprofen produced significantly greater reductions in pain intensity than did diclofenac at all evaluations through day 4 and significantly greater relief of pain than did diclofenac at all evaluations through day 3. Significantly more patients treated with flurbiprofen reported being pain free on days 3 and 4 (11 [69%] and 16 [100%], respectively) compared with those treated with diclofenac (3 [19%] and 9 [56%], respectively). Based on patient ratings, flurbiprofen had significantly better global analgesic activity than diclofenac. Both treatments were well tolerated. Mild and transient ocular burning after instillation was the only reported adverse event; it was reported by all patients in both study groups at approximately 50% of study visits.