A retrospective analysis of the end results of surgical treatment of 1.417 patients with T1-2N0-1M0 breast tumors is presented: local recurrence after radical surgery (1.151)-2.4% after radical resection (165)-5.5%, and after lumpectomy combined with axillary lymphadenectomy (101)-4.0%. In the T1N0M0 group, the end results of radical resection and radical mastectomy were identical. In the T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 groups, in which lumpectomy combined with axillary lymphadenectomy was performed, the end results were inferior to those radical mastectomy. There was a correlation between tumor cell detection in the blood and lymph vessels and extent of intervention: radical mastectomy-6%; radical resection-13% and lumpectomy combined with axillary lymphadenectomy-17%. The latter index tended to rise in cases of recurrence after breast-conserving surgery.