Seventy-eight maize-containing foods obtained from retail stores in The Netherlands were analysed for fumonisin B1 contamination. Thirty-six per cent of the samples were contaminated with fumonisin B1 in the range of 8 micrograms kg-1 (limit of detection) to 1430 micrograms/kg-1. Forty-six per cent of the minimally treated maize samples (n = 39; maize for bread production, maize for popcorn, maize flour and polenta) were contaminated with fumonisin B1 in the range of 8-380 micrograms kg-1. Twenty-six per cent of the maize-containing processed foods (n = 39; tostada, canned maize, maize starch, maize bread, popped maize, flour mixes, maize chips and cornflakes) were contaminated with fumonisin B1 in the range of 8-1430 micrograms/kg-1. This survey shows that maize-containing foods in The Netherlands frequently can be contaminated with fumonisin B1.