Groups of Escherichia coli enteropathogen are described, with special attention to Escherichia coli enterohaemorragic. Some serotypes of Escherichia coli verocitotoxin-producing are able to produce haemorrhagic enteritis, which can develop a complication with hemolityc uraemic syndrome. This complication is most frequent in children and has a high mortality rate. The transmission takes place via food and its capacity to cause epidemic outbreaks together with the seriousness of the complications caused by enteritys make this microorganism of great importance to Public Health. The epidemiology of this microorganism in Spain is reviewed.