A retrospective study was carried out in order to verify the correlation between the biliary disease and previous gastroduodenal operations for various lesions. The 24 patients (18 males and 6 females with an average age of 54 years) reported were diagnosed with chronic or acute cholelithiasis (with common bile duct stones and cholangitis) which imposed emergency or short delayed surgery in most of the cases. The previous gastric operations performed 5 up to 23 years ago were classic gastrectomies with Polya (9 cases) or Péan (8 cases) anastomosis, truncal vagotomy with pyloroplasty or gastroenterostomy for gastric and duodenal ulcers, one hemigastrectomy, one antrectomy and one tumorectomy for benign gastric tumours (one schwannoma and two polyps), one enlarged subtotal gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma and, finally, one gastrotomy for a suspected bleeding gastric tumour. The causal connection between cholelithiasis and previous gastric surgery is obvious, anatomical changes and alterations in the kinetics of the duodenum and common duct being incriminated.