The prevalence of back pain is increasing. Usually, back pain is associated with additional vegetative, functional, and mental disorders. Mental factors may contribute to the maintenance of pain and to chronification. The degree of the back pain has a wide variety. According to an international consensus, it is tried to take the view of back pain as a biopsychosocial model. The accordingly derived psychosomatic treatment procedures need a differential indication. Beside the basic psychosomatic treatment, the individual therapy by qualified psycho-therapists and the behaviour therapeutic and depth psychological oriented group therapy by specifically trained physicians belongs to the psychosomatic procedures.