Oral-hygiene-related abrasion lesions usually occur in patients over 30 years of age. Although abrasions and idiopathic erosions are different regressive alterations of the teeth, the clinical diagnosis is not always evident. Abuse of oral-hygiene devices and abrasive dentifrices can cause dental and gingival abrasions, but their role in the etiology of these lesions should be established clearly before a precise diagnosis is made. This largely influences treatment implications and expectations. This article clarifies the definitions, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical aspects, and treatment of abrasions and similar clinical lesions.