We have recently cloned a cDNA encoding sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (6-SFT), a key enzyme of fructan synthesis forming the beta-2,6 linkages typical of the grass fructans, graminans and phleins [Sprenger et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 11652-11656]. Here we report functional expression of 6-SFT from barley in transgenic tobacco and chicory. Transformants of tobacco, a plant naturally unable to form fructans, synthesized the trisaccharide kestose and a series of unbranched fructans of the phlein type (beta-2,6 linkages). Transformants of chicory, a plant naturally producing only unbranched fructans of the inulin type (beta-2,1 linkages), synthesized in addition branched fructans of the graminan type, particularly the tetrasaccharide bifurcose which is also a main fructan in barley leaves.