Hemodialysis and hemoperfusion for treatment of valproic acid and gabapentin poisoning

Vet Hum Toxicol. 1996 Dec;38(6):438-43.

Abstract

A 31-y-old epileptic man developed coma and shock after suicidally ingesting large amounts of valproic acid and gabapentin. His peak valproic acid, level was 1306.9 micrograms/mL (therapeutic range = 30-100 micrograms/mL). His peak gabapentin level was 60.0 micrograms/mL (therapeutic range = 2.0-8.0 micrograms/mL). His hypotension was refractory to crystalloid and pressor infusions, but resolved during concurrent hemoperfusion and hemodialysis to enhance elimination of valproic acid. Concurrent hemoperfusion and hemodialysis, in series, produced a maximum valproic acid plasma clearance of 55.4 mL/min versus a maximum reported intrinsic valproic acid plasma clearance of 10.6 mL/min. concurrent hemoperfusion and hemodialysis, in series, should be considered in hemodynamically unstable patients with valproic acid poisoning whose clinical condition is worsening in spite of aggressive supportive care.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acetates / poisoning*
  • Adult
  • Amines*
  • Anticonvulsants / administration & dosage
  • Anticonvulsants / poisoning*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / urine
  • Blood Chemical Analysis
  • Chromatography, Thin Layer
  • Coma / chemically induced
  • Coma / therapy
  • Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids*
  • GABA Agents / administration & dosage
  • GABA Agents / poisoning*
  • Gabapentin
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Hemoperfusion*
  • Humans
  • Hypotension / chemically induced
  • Hypotension / therapy
  • Intensive Care Units
  • Male
  • Renal Dialysis*
  • Shock / chemically induced
  • Shock / therapy
  • Valproic Acid / poisoning*
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid*

Substances

  • Acetates
  • Amines
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Biomarkers
  • Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids
  • GABA Agents
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
  • Valproic Acid
  • Gabapentin