A water-soluble polysaccharide fraction was prepared from dehulled rapeseed meal (winter rapeseed variety Casino). Further purification yielded two major fractions having a high content of arabinose and galactose residues, with Ara/Gal ratios of 5.4 (G1) and 1.8 (G2). The Ara/Gal ratio of the high molecular weight fraction G1 was stable over the whole gel filtration peak, indicating that the arabinose and galactose residues are part of the same polysaccharide. The high molecular weight fraction G1 was studied further by methylation analysis and several NMR techniques. Structural studies showed G1 to consist mainly of arabian fragments, which have terminal alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl groups with anomeric carbons bound (1-->5) (A) or (1-->2) (B), and 2,5-substituted arabinosyl residues with anomeric carbons bound (1-->5) (D) or (1-->2) (C) to adjacent arabinosyl residues. The A:B:C:D ratios were 2:1:1:1 according to results from NMR and methylation analysis.