Examinations of 46 patients with acute inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial area revealed a reduction of some immunity parameters. Thymic activity of the saliva and blood was found to reduce still more after surgery (opening of the phlegmon). The ratio of thymic activities of the saliva and blood may be an indirect evidence of a tendency in development of an inflammatory process. The authors demonstrated the efficacy of correcting immunity parameters by tactivin, which was particularly effective in grave cases. Tactivin concentrations in the blood and saliva, their time course and ratio may be considered as additional criteria for assessing the status of patients and the risk of complications.