The basedowian exophthalmy is a self-immune originating affection, in which the antigen remains still unknown. It may appear besides the Basedow disease, evoluating in a total independent manner. The clinical diagnosis is done on the basis of small ocular characteristic signs: exopthalmy, oculomotor deficit, optical neuropathy, corneo-conjunctival alterations, being of course supplemented with the complementary endocrinological and immunological explorations. The endocrine exophthalmy represents a serious complication because of the visual risks it implies, and afterwards because of the implied esthetical prejudice. A spontaneous amelioration is possible, but the treatment often proves to be necessary. It will be medical, local and general, and also orbitar radiotherapy and surgical treatment.