27 Japanese white male rabbits were divided into 3 groups for evaluation of Tongmai Jiangzhi Oral Liquor (TMJZ) in reducing the serum cholesterol, the level of plasma lipid peroxidation (LPO), the plasma TXB2 and suppressing of atherosclerotic plaque formation in atherogenesis. The results indicated that TMJZ not only decreased significantly the levels of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LPO and TXB2, but also increased markedly blood glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and regulated the balance of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1 alpha. The area of atherosclerotic plaque coverage in aorta and the thickness of plaque after oral TMJZ were much smaller than those of high cholesterol-fed rabbits. It is suggested that the effect of TMJZ on above-mentioned indexes might be important mechanism of its anti-atherosclerotic effect.