From 1983 to 1992, 29 patients with primitive ureteral tumors have been recovered in our department. All the tumors were urothelial. Urography, spontaneous and selective urinary cytology, retrograde ureteropyelography permitted a correct diagnosis in 86% of them. Ureteroscopy is not performed routinely but only when conventional radiology is doubtful or a conservative treatment can be proposed. Controlled trials on endoscopic therapy of ureteral tumours are very few and even if our results are encouraging we believe that this therapeutic option is effective and safe only in selected case and nephroureterectomy is the treatment of choice.