A decision analysis model was designed to evaluate the cost effectiveness of a vaccination program for preventing endemic or epidemic porcine parvovirus (PPV) induced reproductive failure in a 100-sow pig herd. The results showed that the cost of vaccination was less than the cost incurred by continuing endemic PPV infection, or the cost of a severe epidemic. A long term vaccination program is a cost effective method for controlling PPV-induced reproductive failure in pig herds suffering endemic and epidemic PPV infection.