Cellular nonspecific immunity was found reduced in residents of the lowlands and highlands suffering from alimentary obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDM), this depression augmenting with the increment of obesity degree and age of NIDM patients (p < 0.01-0.001). Activities of antihypoxic enzymes in these patients are drastically depressed under conditions of the highlands and do not depend on the patient's age. Lymphocyte killer activity in both patient populations is increased, more so in the highlands; this activity functionally or organically impairs insulin in the body forming with it immune complexes.