This study surveyed the prevalence of smoking, drinking, betel quid chewing and related factors among adult Aborigines in Wufeng District, Hsinchu county, Northern Taiwan, as determined in a cross-sectional study (N = 504), based on random sampling. In house to house survey, 420 residents were interviewed in their homes by a structured questionnaire (with a response rate of 83.3%) and a complete set of data was collected for 360 Atayal and Saisiat Aborigines. The survey only included adults (N = 302), as the number of children were few. The life-time prevalence rate of smoking, drinking and betel quid chewing was 71.1%, 85.5%, 49.7% in men and 25.2%, 58.0%, 6.3% in women, respectively. In contrast, the one year prevalence rates were 61.0%, 65.4%, 27.0% in men and 16.8%, 25.97%, 1.4% in women, respectively. The result of multiple logistic regression were that (1) the male drinker and betel quid chewer was the highest risk group for smoking; (2) the male smoker was the highest risk group for drinking and (3) the married male smoker was the highest risk group for betel quid chewer.