Disseminated candidiasis is a serious infectious complication with a mortality as high as 50%. Standard therapy consists of parenteral amphotericin B which is associated with major side effects and prolonged hospitalization. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of fluconazole in an open, noncomparative study. Fluconazole, as a single agent, was given intravenously for the first 3 days at a dose of 200 mg twice daily, followed by 200 mg twice daily orally until resolution of signs and symptoms or evident treatment failure. The study group comprised 24 consecutive patients of whom nine had acute and 15 chronic disseminated candidiasis. A clinical response was achieved in 67% of cases of acute disseminated candidiasis and in 86% of cases of chronic disseminated candidiasis. The median duration of therapy was 15 days and 6 months, respectively. Superinfections with Aspergillus fumigatus developed in five patients who were persistently neutropenic. No drug-related toxicity was registered.