There were 188 cases of femoral neck fracture of adult below the age of fifty-five years old admitted to our hospital from 1974 to 1989, including 152 cases of fresh fracture, 36 old fracture. The rate of femoral head necrosis after fracture was 11.8 percent in the group of patients under fifty years of age, and 9.8 percent in patients between fifty-one and fifty five years old. The operation adopted in our series was mainly the percutaneous screw-thread pinning for internal fixation. Bone graft transplantation with the pedicle of quadratus femoris muscle was simultaneously performed in some cases, 26.7 percent in patients between the age of fifteen and twenty, along with the increase of age the patient number for transplantation decreased, only 7.8 percent in patients between the age of fifty-one and fifty-five. The author suggests that in treatment of femoral neck fracture of adult generally should not consider the use of artificial prosthesis replacement. We should decide according to the patients general and local status as the basis for the choice of a reasonable internal fixation, and consider whether an operation should be performed to further improve blood circulation of the femoral head.