Penicillin resistance and aminoglycoside-penicillin synergy in enterococci

Chemotherapy. 1995 May-Jun;41(3):165-71. doi: 10.1159/000239339.

Abstract

Susceptibility to penicillin, vancomycin, imipenem, streptomycin, kanamycin and gentamicin was tested in 130 clinical isolates of Enterococcus spp. by an agar dilution method. Penicillin resistance (MIC > 8 mg/l) was only observed among strains of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus raffinosus. Thirty-nine percent of the penicillin-resistant enterococci showed low-level resistance to at least one of the three aminoglycosides tested (gentamicin, kanamycin and streptomycin). Six Enterococcus strains (5 E. faecium and 1 E. raffinosus) with low-level resistance to gentamicin and different MICs for penicillin were tested for antibiotic synergy using time-killing curves. When penicillin concentrations equal to or higher than the MICs were used, synergism was established, even when highly penicillin-resistant strains (MIC > 200 mg/l) were tested. No synergy was observed when penicillin concentrations were below the MICs.

MeSH terms

  • Aminoglycosides
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Drug Synergism
  • Enterococcus / classification
  • Enterococcus / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Penicillin Resistance*
  • Penicillins / pharmacology*
  • Species Specificity
  • Vancomycin / pharmacology

Substances

  • Aminoglycosides
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Penicillins
  • Vancomycin